{"id":24,"date":"2026-03-21T11:00:48","date_gmt":"2026-03-21T11:00:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.joezhou.top\/obsidian-db161d\/"},"modified":"2026-06-22T23:40:48","modified_gmt":"2026-06-22T15:40:48","slug":"obsidian-db161d","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.joezhou.top\/?p=24","title":{"rendered":"\u96c6\u7ebf\u5668\u3001\u7f51\u6865\u3001\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u3001\u8def\u7531\u5668\u3001\u7f51\u5173 – \u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u7f51\u7edc\u6838\u5fc3\u8bbe\u5907\u5bf9\u6bd4\u8868<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u8bbe\u5907<\/th>\n\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c42\u7ea7 (OSI\u6a21\u578b)<\/th>\n\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd<\/th>\n\u5173\u952e\u539f\u7406 \/ \u7279\u70b9<\/th>\n\u80fd\u5426\u9694\u79bb\u51b2\u7a81\u57df<\/th>\n\u80fd\u5426\u9694\u79bb\u5e7f\u64ad\u57df<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
\u96c6\u7ebf\u5668<\/strong> (Hub)<\/td>\n\u7269\u7406\u5c42<\/strong> (L1)<\/td>\n\u4fe1\u53f7\u653e\u5927\u3001\u6269\u5c55\u63a5\u53e3<\/td>\n\u5e7f\u64ad<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e0d\u8bc6\u522b\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u5411\u6240\u6709\u7aef\u53e3\u8f6c\u53d1\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7aef\u53e3\u5171\u4eab\u5e26\u5bbd<\/strong>\u3002<\/td>\n\u5426<\/strong><\/td>\n\u5426<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u7f51\u6865<\/strong> (Bridge)<\/td>\n\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42<\/strong> (L2)<\/td>\n\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0d\u540c\u7f51\u6bb5\u3001\u9694\u79bb\u51b2\u7a81\u57df<\/td>\n\u5229\u7528 MAC \u5730\u5740\u8868<\/strong> \u5b66\u4e60\u5e76\u8f6c\u53d1\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u9694\u79bb\u51b2\u7a81\u57df\uff0c\u7aef\u53e3\u5c11\uff08\u901a\u5e382\u4e2a\uff09\u3002<\/td>\n\u662f<\/strong><\/td>\n\u5426<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u4ea4\u6362\u673a<\/strong> (Switch)<\/td>\n\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42<\/strong> (L2)<\/td>\n\u591a\u7aef\u53e3\u6865\u63a5\u3001\u9ad8\u6548\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u6362<\/td>\n\u201c\u591a\u7aef\u53e3\u7f51\u6865\u201d\uff0c\u62e5\u6709 MAC \u5730\u5740\u8868<\/strong>\uff0c\u53ef\u4e00\u5bf9\u4e00<\/strong>\u8f6c\u53d1\uff0c\u7aef\u53e3\u5e26\u5bbd\u72ec\u4eab\u3002<\/td>\n\u662f<\/strong><\/td>\n\u5426<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u8def\u7531\u5668<\/strong> (Router)<\/td>\n\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42<\/strong> (L3)<\/td>\n\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0d\u540c\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u8def\u7531\u9009\u62e9<\/td>\n\u57fa\u4e8e IP \u5730\u5740<\/strong> \u8f6c\u53d1\uff0c\u7ef4\u62a4\u8def\u7531\u8868<\/strong>\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u4f73\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/td>\n\u662f<\/strong><\/td>\n\u662f<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u7f51\u5173<\/strong> (Gateway)<\/td>\n\u9ad8\u5c42<\/strong> (L4-L7)<\/td>\n\u534f\u8bae\u8f6c\u6362<\/strong>\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u5f02\u6784\u7f51\u7edc<\/td>\n\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e8e\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8fde\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u534f\u8bae<\/strong>\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\uff08\u5982\u5185\u7f51\u4e0e\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\uff09\u3002<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\n

\u9ad8\u9891\u8003\u70b9\u4e0e\u6838\u5fc3\u533a\u522b<\/h3>\n

1. \u96c6\u7ebf\u5668 vs. \u4ea4\u6362\u673a<\/strong>
\n* \u6838\u5fc3\u533a\u522b<\/strong>\uff1a\u667a\u80fd\u6027<\/strong>\u4e0e\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f<\/strong>\u3002
\n* \u96c6\u7ebf\u5668<\/strong>\uff1a\u7269\u7406\u5c42\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u65e0\u201c\u667a\u80fd\u201d\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u7528\u5e7f\u64ad<\/strong>\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7aef\u53e3\u5171\u4eab\u5e26\u5bbd\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u9694\u79bb\u51b2\u7a81\u57df<\/strong>\u3002
\n* \u4ea4\u6362\u673a<\/strong>\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u6709\u201c\u667a\u80fd\u201d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7 MAC \u5730\u5740\u8868<\/strong> \u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u5b9a\u5411\u8f6c\u53d1<\/strong>\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3\u72ec\u4eab\u5e26\u5bbd\uff0c\u80fd\u9694\u79bb\u51b2\u7a81\u57df<\/strong>\uff08\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u9694\u79bb\u5e7f\u64ad\u57df\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

2. \u7f51\u6865 vs. \u4ea4\u6362\u673a<\/strong>
\n* \u6838\u5fc3\u533a\u522b<\/strong>\uff1a\u7aef\u53e3\u6570\u91cf<\/strong>\u4e0e\u8f6c\u53d1\u6548\u7387<\/strong>\u3002
\n* \u7f51\u6865<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u6709 2\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3<\/strong>\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8fde\u63a5\u4e24\u4e2a\u7269\u7406\u7f51\u6bb5\u3002
\n* \u4ea4\u6362\u673a<\/strong>\uff1a\u662f\u591a\u7aef\u53e3<\/strong>\u7684\u7f51\u6865\uff0c\u7aef\u53e3\u66f4\u591a\uff0c\u6620\u5c04\u8868\u591a\u4e3a\u4e00\u5bf9\u4e00\uff0c\u8f6c\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n

3. \u4ea4\u6362\u673a vs. \u8def\u7531\u5668<\/strong>
\n* \u6838\u5fc3\u533a\u522b<\/strong>\uff1a\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c42\u7ea7<\/strong>\u4e0e\u9694\u79bb\u80fd\u529b<\/strong>\u3002
\n* \u4ea4\u6362\u673a<\/strong>\uff1a\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e MAC \u5730\u5740<\/strong> \u8f6c\u53d1\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u9694\u79bb\u5e7f\u64ad\u57df<\/strong>\u3002
\n* \u8def\u7531\u5668<\/strong>\uff1a\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e IP \u5730\u5740<\/strong> \u8f6c\u53d1\uff0c\u80fd\u9694\u79bb\u5e7f\u64ad\u57df<\/strong>\uff08\u5e7f\u64ad\u5230\u6b64\u4e3a\u6b62\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u9632\u706b\u5899\u548c\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0d\u540c\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

4. \u7f51\u5173\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6027<\/strong>
\n* \u6838\u5fc3\u7406\u89e3<\/strong>\uff1a\u7f51\u5173\u662f\u6982\u5ff5<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u5355\u4e00\u786c\u4ef6\u3002
\n* \u529f\u80fd<\/strong>\uff1a\u5f53\u9700\u8981\u8fde\u63a5\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u534f\u8bae<\/strong>\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u7f51\u5173\u8fdb\u884c\u201c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u201d\u548c\u8f6c\u6362\u3002
\n* \u5e38\u89c1\u8bef\u89e3<\/strong>\uff1a\u65e5\u5e38\u8bf4\u7684\u201c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f51\u5173\u201d\u901a\u5e38\u6307\u8def\u7531\u5668<\/strong>\u7684IP\u5730\u5740<\/strong>\uff08\u5982192.168.1.1\uff09\u3002\u4f46\u4e25\u683c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8def\u7531\u5668\u53ea\u662f\u7f51\u5173\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5b9e\u73b0\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u901f\u8bb0\u53e3\u8bc0<\/h3>\n
    \n
  • \u96c6\u7ebf\u5668<\/strong>\uff1a\u50bb\u5e7f\u64ad\uff0c\u5168\u5171\u4eab\u3002\uff08\u7269\u7406\u5c42\uff0c\u65e0\u8111\u5e7f\u64ad\uff09<\/li>\n
  • \u7f51\u6865<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e24\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u5b66\u5730\u5740\u3002\uff08\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42\uff0c2\u4e2a\u53e3\uff0c\u5b66MAC\u5730\u5740\uff09<\/li>\n
  • \u4ea4\u6362\u673a<\/strong>\uff1a\u591a\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u627eMAC\u3002\uff08\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42\uff0c\u591a\u53e3\uff0c\u67e5MAC\u5730\u5740\u8868\uff09<\/li>\n
  • \u8def\u7531\u5668<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fde\u4e0d\u540c\u7f51\uff0c\u770bIP\uff0c\u65ad\u5e7f\u64ad\u3002\uff08\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\uff0c\u8fde\u4e0d\u540c\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u7528IP\u5730\u5740\uff09<\/li>\n
  • \u7f51\u5173<\/strong>\uff1a\u9ad8\u5c42\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5b98\uff0c\u534f\u8bae\u6765\u8f6c\u6362\u3002\uff08\u9ad8\u5c42\uff0c\u8f6c\u6362\u4e0d\u540c\u534f\u8bae\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u7f51\u7edc\u6838\u5fc3\u8bbe\u5907\u5bf9\u6bd4\u8868 \u8bbe\u5907 \u5de5\u4f5c\u5c42\u7ea7 (OSI\u6a21\u578b) \u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd \u5173\u952e\u539f\u7406 \/ \u7279\u70b9 \u80fd\u5426\u9694\u79bb\u51b2\u7a81\u57df \u80fd\u5426\u9694\u79bb\u5e7f\u64ad […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[20,8,11,21],"class_list":["post-24","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-iso","tag-iso20000-1","tag-iso27001","tag-11","tag-21"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.joezhou.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.joezhou.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.joezhou.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.joezhou.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.joezhou.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=24"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.joezhou.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":264,"href":"https:\/\/www.joezhou.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24\/revisions\/264"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.joezhou.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=24"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.joezhou.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=24"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.joezhou.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=24"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}