{"id":141,"date":"2026-06-16T10:24:27","date_gmt":"2026-06-16T10:24:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.joezhou.top\/sbom\/"},"modified":"2026-06-22T23:40:26","modified_gmt":"2026-06-22T15:40:26","slug":"sbom","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.joezhou.top\/?p=141","title":{"rendered":"\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u5b89\u5168\u5b9e\u6218\uff1a\u4ece\u5f00\u6e90\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5ba1\u8ba1\u5230SBOM\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u9632\u62a4\u8def\u5f84"},"content":{"rendered":"

2024\u5e7412\u6708\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5f00\u6e90\u5de5\u5177\u5e93\u66dd\u51fa\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u540e\u95e8\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u8303\u56f4\u8986\u76d6\u5168\u7403\u6570\u5343\u5bb6\u4f01\u4e1a\u30022025\u5e74\uff0c\u9488\u5bf9npm\u3001PyPI\u548cMaven\u4ed3\u5e93\u7684\u6076\u610f\u5305\u6295\u6bd2\u4e8b\u4ef6\u540c\u6bd4\u4e0a\u5347\u8d85\u8fc7300%\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u5b57\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b8b\u9177\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\uff1a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u5b89\u5168\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u300c\u9526\u4e0a\u6dfb\u82b1\u300d\u7684\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u62e5\u6709\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u5fc5\u987b\u9762\u5bf9\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5b89\u5168\u547d\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u7cfb\u7edf\u68b3\u7406\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\u5168\u666f\u3001\u6838\u5fc3\u9632\u62a4\u6280\u672f\u6808\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ece\u5ba1\u8ba1\u5230SBOM\uff08\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7269\u6599\u6e05\u5355\uff09\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u5efa\u8bbe\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n

\u88ab\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u9762\uff1a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u5b89\u5168\u5982\u6b64\u7d27\u8feb<\/h2>\n

\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u9632\u62a4\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u662f\u4f01\u4e1a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3001\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u5165\u4fb5\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u4e0b\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4f01\u4e1a\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5199\u5f97\u518d\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u540e\u95e8\u5c31\u80fd\u8ba9\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6295\u5165\u5316\u4e3a\u6ce1\u5f71\u3002<\/p>\n

\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff1a\u4e0e\u5176\u8d39\u5c3d\u5fc3\u601d\u653b\u7834\u4e00\u5bb6\u4e25\u5bc6\u9632\u62a4\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u5728\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u4e0a\u6e38\u6295\u653e\u6076\u610f\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u4e00\u52b3\u6c38\u9038\u5730\u611f\u67d3\u6240\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u4e0b\u6e38\u4f01\u4e1a\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u300c\u4e00\u6b21\u6295\u6bd2\u3001\u6279\u91cf\u611f\u67d3\u300d\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u8ba9\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u653b\u51fb\u6210\u4e3a\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u589e\u957f\u6700\u5feb\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\u7c7b\u578b\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5177\u4f53\u5230\u653b\u51fb\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u76f4\u63a5\u5411\u5f00\u6e90\u4ed3\u5e93\u4e0a\u4f20\u5305\u542b\u540e\u95e8\u7684\u540c\u540d\u6216\u76f8\u4f3c\u540d\u79f0\u5305\uff08\u5373typosquatting\uff09\u3001\u5411\u5408\u6cd5\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u540e\u7eed\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\u6ce8\u5165\u6076\u610f\u4ee3\u7801\uff08\u5373\u7248\u672c\u7be1\u6539\uff09\u3001\u5229\u7528\u6784\u5efa\u5de5\u5177\u548cCI\/CD\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u6743\u9650\u6f0f\u6d1e\u6ce8\u5165\u6076\u610f\u4ee3\u7801\uff08\u5373\u7ba1\u9053\u6c61\u67d3\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u901a\u8fc7\u4f2a\u9020\u5b98\u65b9GitHub\u4ed3\u5e93\u6216\u6587\u6863\u7ad9\u70b9\u8bf1\u9a97\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4e0b\u8f7d\uff08\u5373\u793e\u4f1a\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b66\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6bcf\u4e00\u79cd\u653b\u51fb\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u5171\u540c\u7279\u70b9\u662f\uff1a\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4e0d\u81ea\u89c9\u5730\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u7684\u5e2e\u51f6\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5728\u6267\u884c npm install<\/code>\u3001pip install<\/code>\u3001go get<\/code> \u7b49\u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u5728\u4fe1\u4efb\u6210\u5343\u4e0a\u4e07\u4e2a\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5305\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4fe1\u4efb\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u9a8c\u8bc1\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5c31\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e\u5c06\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u547d\u8109\u4ea4\u7ed9\u4e86\u4ece\u672a\u8c0b\u9762\u7684\u964c\u751f\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n

SBOM\uff1a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u53ef\u89c1\u6027\u7684\u57fa\u77f3<\/h2>\n

SBOM\uff08Software Bill of Materials\uff0c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7269\u6599\u6e05\u5355\uff09\u662f\u89e3\u51b3\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u53ef\u89c1\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cSBOM\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4efd\u5217\u51fa\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u76f4\u63a5\u4f9d\u8d56\u548c\u4f20\u9012\u4f9d\u8d56\uff09\u7684\u6e05\u5355\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684SBOM\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u542b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a\u7ec4\u4ef6\u540d\u79f0\u548c\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u3001\u7ec4\u4ef6\u6765\u6e90\uff08\u5982\u4ed3\u5e93\u5730\u5740\uff09\u3001\u8bb8\u53ef\u8bc1\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\uff08\u8c01\u4f9d\u8d56\u8c01\uff09\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u5df2\u77e5\u7684CVE\u6f0f\u6d1e\u4fe1\u606f\u3002SBOM\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u6807\u51c6\u5f53\u524d\u4e1a\u5185\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6709SPDX\uff08Software Package Data Exchange\uff09\u3001CycloneDX\u548cSWID\uff08Software Identification\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u4f01\u4e1a\u843d\u5730\u4e2d\uff0c\u751f\u6210SBOM\u901a\u5e38\u91c7\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u6848\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6784\u5efa\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u5982Syft\uff08\u5bb9\u5668\u955c\u50cf\u5206\u6790\uff09\u3001Trivy\uff08\u5bb9\u5668\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u626b\u63cf\uff09\u3001\u6216\u8005\u5404\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u539f\u751f\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982 npm sbom<\/code>\u3001pip-audit<\/code> \u7b49\uff09\u6765\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u3002\u63a8\u8350\u5728CI\/CD\u7ba1\u9053\u4e2d\u96c6\u6210SBOM\u751f\u6210\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u6210\u54c1\u90fd\u9644\u5e26\u4e00\u4efd\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684SBOM\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd0\u884c\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5bb9\u5668\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u626b\u63cf\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982Docker Scout\u3001Anchore\u3001Clair\u7b49\uff09\u5bf9\u5df2\u7ecf\u90e8\u7f72\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u8fdb\u884c\u6301\u7eed\u7684SBOM\u5ba1\u8ba1\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u8fd0\u884c\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e0e\u6784\u5efa\u65f6\u7684SBOM\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n

SBOM\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4ef7\u503c\u4e0d\u5728\u4e8e\u300c\u751f\u6210\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4e8e\u300c\u7ba1\u7406\u300d\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u62e5\u6709\u6570\u767e\u4e2a\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5c06\u6bcf\u4efdSBOM\u5173\u8054\u5230\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u73af\u5883\u3001\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba\u548c\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e9bSBOM\u53ea\u662f\u6570\u5b57\u5783\u573e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cSBOM\u7ba1\u7406\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u6bd4\u751f\u6210\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u91cd\u8981\u5f97\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u4f9d\u8d56\u5ba1\u67e5\u5b9e\u6218\uff1a\u5835\u585e\u5df2\u77e5\u6f0f\u6d1e<\/h2>\n

SBOM\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7528\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5c31\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u300c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ec4\u4ef6\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u300d\u3002\u4f9d\u8d56\u5ba1\u67e5\u662f\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u5b89\u5168\u4e2d\u6700\u300c\u63a5\u5730\u6c14\u300d\u7684\u4e00\u73af\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4f01\u4e1a\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u843d\u5730\u7684\u4e00\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f9d\u8d56\u5ba1\u67e5\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5de5\u5177\u662fSCA\uff08Software Composition Analysis\uff0c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7ec4\u6210\u5206\u6790\uff09\u3002\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684SCA\u5de5\u5177\u5305\u62ec\uff1aSnyk\uff08\u5546\u4e1a\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u8986\u76d6\u9762\u5e7f\uff09\u3001OWASP Dependency-Check\uff08\u5f00\u6e90\u514d\u8d39\uff09\u3001Trivy\uff08\u5f00\u6e90\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u683c\u5f0f\uff09\u3001GitHub Dependabot\uff08\u4e0eGitHub\u6df1\u5ea6\u96c6\u6210\uff09\u3001\u4ee5\u53caSonatype Nexus IQ\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

SCA\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u5178\u578b\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\u662f\uff1a\u626b\u63cf\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u5982 package.json<\/code>\u3001requirements.txt<\/code>\u3001pom.xml<\/code>\u3001go.mod<\/code> \u7b49\uff09\u2192 \u4e0e\u6f0f\u6d1e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff08\u5982NVD\u3001GitHub Advisory Database\u3001OSV\u7b49\uff09\u505a\u4ea4\u53c9\u6bd4\u5bf9 \u2192 \u8f93\u51fa\u5b58\u5728\u5df2\u77e5\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5217\u8868\u53ca\u4fee\u590d\u5efa\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b9e\u8df5\u7ecf\u9a8c\u8868\u660e\uff0cSCA\u626b\u63cf\u7684\u9891\u7387\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5efa\u8bae\u5728CI\/CD\u7ba1\u9053\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6784\u5efa\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21SCA\u626b\u63cf\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u53d1\u73b0\u9ad8\u5371\u6f0f\u6d1e\u65f6\u963b\u6b62\u6784\u5efa\u901a\u8fc7\uff08\u5373fail the build\uff09\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u5b9a\u671f\u7684\u5168\u91cf\u626b\u63cf\u673a\u5236\uff08\u5efa\u8bae\u6bcf\u5468\u4e00\u6b21\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u5e94\u5bf9\u524d\u4e00\u6b21\u6784\u5efa\u540e\u65b0\u516c\u5f00\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a1\u5b9e\u7684\u843d\u5730\u7b56\u7565\u662f\uff1a\u4e0d\u8981\u8ffd\u6c42\u96f6\u6f0f\u6d1e\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u662f\u4e0d\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u3002\u800c\u662f\u8bbe\u5b9a\u6f0f\u6d1e\u4fee\u590d\u7684SLA\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u9ad8\u5371\u6f0f\u6d1e\u5fc5\u987b\u572824\u5c0f\u65f6\u5185\u4fee\u590d\u6216\u91c7\u53d6\u7f13\u89e3\u63aa\u65bd\u3001\u4e2d\u5371\u6f0f\u6d1e\u57287\u5929\u5185\u4fee\u590d\u3001\u4f4e\u5371\u6f0f\u6d1e\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21\u8fed\u4ee3\u4e2d\u4fee\u590d\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u65e0\u6cd5\u53ca\u65f6\u4fee\u590d\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u5ba1\u6279\u8c41\u514d\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u7406\u7531\u548c\u622a\u6b62\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n

CI\/CD\u7ba1\u9053\u5b89\u5168\uff1a\u9632\u6b62\u6ce8\u5165\u70b9\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u9636\u6bb5\u88ab\u5229\u7528<\/h2>\n

\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u4f9d\u8d56\u5ba1\u67e5\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u662f\u300c\u7ec4\u4ef6\u672c\u8eab\u5b89\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u300d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48CI\/CD\u7ba1\u9053\u5b89\u5168\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u662f\u300c\u7ec4\u4ef6\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u88ab\u5f15\u5165\u7684\u300d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u7be1\u6539\u4e86\u6784\u5efa\u811a\u672c\u3001\u63d2\u5165\u4e86\u6076\u610f\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6700\u7ec8\u751f\u6210\u7684\u53ef\u4ea4\u4ed8\u7269\u5c31\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u53ef\u4fe1\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

CI\/CD\u7ba1\u9053\u5b89\u5168\u9700\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n

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Supply-chain Levels for Software Artifacts\uff08SLSA\uff0c\u53d1\u97f3\u540c\u300csalsa\u300d\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u662fGoogle\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4eceLevel 0\u5230Level 4\u4e94\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u7b49\u7ea7\u3002SLSA\u6846\u67b6\u8ba9\u4f01\u4e1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cf\u5316\u548c\u63d0\u5347\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6784\u5efa\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002\u5efa\u8bae\u65b0\u5efa\u8bbe\u7684CI\/CD\u7ba1\u9053\u76f4\u63a5\u5bf9\u6807SLSA Level 3\u6216Level 4\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u6765\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002<\/p>\n

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